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  3. Fasting glucose(葡萄糖)and insulin(胰岛素)levels remain within normal range for women using injectable or oral contraception, with onl

Fasting glucose(葡萄糖)and insulin(胰岛素)levels remain within normal range for women using injectable or oral contraception, with onl

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问题     Fasting glucose(葡萄糖)and insulin(胰岛素)levels remain within normal range for women using injectable or oral contraception, with only slight increases among women using depot medroxyprogesterone acetate(DMPA), commonly known as the birth control shot, according to new research from the University of Texas Medical Branch(UTMB Health)in Galveston.
    The study is published in the January 2011 issue of Obstetrics and Gynecology and conducted over three years. Researchers found that DMPA users’ glucose levels increased steadily during the first 30 months of use, with the greatest increase occurring during the first six months. The observed increases, which were less than those reported in previous studies, were not significant enough to cause concern.
    There are 62 million women of reproductive age in the United States. More than two million American women use DMPA, including approximately 400,000 teens, and more than 11 million use oral contraception.
    "Previous studies were limited in scope and offered conflicting results, which led physicians to question whether hormonal(荷尔蒙的, 激素的)contraception could lead to diabetes," says lead author Dr. Abbey Berenson, professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and director of the Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women’s Health. "Further studies are needed to determine how women with diabetes are affected by DMPA and oral contraception, but these results are reassuring for non-diabetic women already receiving the shot or on the pill."
    The findings are the fourth in a series of UTMB Health studies published in Obstetrics and Gynecology that add to the growing literature enabling physicians to better counsel women accurately about the positive and adverse side effects associated with widely used forms of contraception. Other studies included in the series examined the effect of contraception on weight gain and bone density loss.
    In a study published in January 2010, Berenson and UTMB Health co-author Dr. Mahbubur Rahman examined the relationship between contraception and bone mineral density(BMD)loss. They found:
    Nearly half of women using DMPA experienced high BMD loss in the hip or lower spine within two years of beginning the contraceptive. Women using DMPA who smoke, have low levels of calcium intake and never gave birth were at the highest risk for BMD loss. High-risk women continued to experience significant loss in BMD during the third year of DMPA use, especially in the hip—the most common fracture site in elderly women. Age, race or ethnicity, previous contraceptive use and body mass index(BMI)were not associated with higher BMD loss.
    "Taken together, this body of research helps dispel myths surrounding birth control and shed light on side effects that had been anecdotally reported but not yet proven," says Berenson. "Physicians can now better explain the risks and benefits of various birth control methods and take appropriate action to protect patients’ long-term health, which may include switching to another contraception method."
According to Paragraph 1, we can imply that______.
选项 A、injectable contraception does no harm to woman’s health
B、women who use DMPA may have a greater tendency for diabetes
C、contraceptive methods will not raise one’s glucose and insulin levels
D、UTMB Health suggested DMPA be abandoned
答案B
解析 属信息推断题。虽然使用注射避孕药物的方法导致胰岛素和葡萄糖含量的增长稳定在一个正常的范围内，但是并不代表注射避孕药物不会给人体带来危害，故选项A错误。文中第一段提到了使用注射或口服避孕药会使葡萄糖和胰岛素的含量保持在正常范围内，并不代表不会使它们的含量上升，故选项C错误。选项D无中生有，第一段中并未提及，故选项D错误。文中称服用DMPA的人的葡萄糖和胰岛素含量会有轻微上升，若超出了正常范围，患糖尿病的几率就更大，故选项B符合题意。
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