首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A、They try to help cancer patients overcome fright. B、They help doctors become sensitive to patients’ feelings. C、They have been
A、They try to help cancer patients overcome fright. B、They help doctors become sensitive to patients’ feelings. C、They have been
admin
2011-02-11
92
问题
(I -- Interviewer; S -- Dr. Anthony Smith)
I: Today, we have Dr. Anthony Smith on our morning talk show. We’re going to discuss how to give doctors better skills to communicate bad news. Dr. Smith is a medical oncologist at the University of Washington and the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle. He and four colleagues are in the fifth year leading a program funded with one and one-half million dollars from the National Cancer Institute. Good morning Dr. Smith.
S: Good morning.
I: Dr. Smith says specially trained actors play cancer patients to help oncologists learn how to avoid sounding insensitive when the prognosis is grim.
S: Probably the biggest misconception I face is that you’re either born with this or you’re not. In fact, what the research shows is that people learn to do this over time. And the way they learn to do it is they see good role models, they practice, they get specific feedback on what they’re doing, they try out new things, they innovate and develop new conversational practices for themselves.
I: Can you give us some examples of those conversational practices? What are some ways to impart bad news?
S: Here’s an example: the patient has had cancer in the past, has been doing well and is coming in for some routine follow-up tests. The routine follow-up tests unexpectedly show the cancer has started to come back. The doctor will typically go in and say to the patient, "Guess what? Your cancer’s back." And the patient will be just blown away, right? There are a couple of practices that doctors can do that can help. One is to start with -- especially if you don’t know the patient -- asking what the patient expected, what they understood about their cancer, what they were expecting with this test. Because if the patient says to you "You know, they didn’t tell me anything. I’m just here because I got this appointment in the mail," that’s one whole kind of comprehension level. Whereas if the patient says "I had at-one-n-one-m-zero lung cancer and they told me I had a fifty-five percent chance of disease recurrence in the next two years," that’s a whole different story, right? The second thing is that after you give this difficult news, then I think it’s really important to address both the cognitive reaction and also the kind of the emotional side of it.
I: What are some of the phrases or the ways in which you can tell this news?
S: You know, the way to make it easier is to make sure that you are going from the context the patient drew for you. So you go from what the patient understands and you try to use their words as much as possible. And then, when you get to the really bad part of the news, I think it’s actually important to be direct and concrete and not to tell the news. It’s better to say "The cancer has come back" than to say "There are hypo-densities in your liver on the CT" or "You have a malignancy." All those euphemisms force patients to struggle to understand what’s happening to them, and it adds to their confusion and distress.
I: Well, should they say things like "I wish things were different" or "I hope for the best", or should a doctor kind of maintain a distance?
S: You know, my thought about that actually is that the more skilled the physician, the less they have to distance themselves. There are some phrases that we use, and the most important ones are really the ones that are about empathy for the patient. You know," "I see this is a difficult situation," "I see this is not what you expected," "I’m hoping for the best." And I think it’s fine for doctors to talk about hope, and I think it’s important actually.
I: Let me ask you, have you seen any cultural differences come up in the training programs as you’ve had doctors go through?
S:You know, we have actually a very multicultural group of physicians who come, and they all bring in all their own different values about how frank people should be. Because the American standard, of course, is that patients themselves get all the information, they make the decision themselves, and there’s this very strong emphasis on autonomy. And in a lot of other cultures that’s really not the case.
I: And what got you started in the first place?
S: What got me started was, when I was an oncology trainee, and this was after a personal experience -- my mother had died of a pre-leukemia kind of thing. I remember walking around in the bone-marrow transplant wards with this experienced -- it was this other, older senior physician -- going around having these life-and-death conversations with patients and thinking, "God, there has got to be a better way to do this."
I: The result, says Dr. Anthony Smith in Seattle, is a program that has now trained about one hundred- eighty oncologists at retreats held twice a year. Now, time for a commercial. Stay tuned; we’ll be right back.
选项
A、They try to help cancer patients overcome fright.
B、They help doctors become sensitive to patients’ feelings.
C、They have been doing the research for five years.
D、There are totally five of them in the research program.
答案
C
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://www.kaotiyun.com/show/6oYO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
IntheartoftheMiddleAges,weneverencounterthepersonalityoftheartistasanindividual;ratheritisdiffusedthrough
PackagingItissaidthatthepublicandCongressionalconcernaboutdeceptivepackagingrumpusstartedbecauseSenatorHart
FamilyMattersThismonthSingaporepassedabillthatwouldgivelegalteethtothemoralobligationtosupportone’sparen
Thedestructionofournaturalresourcesandcontaminationofourfoodsupplycontinuetooccur,largelybecauseoftheextreme
A、Virtualglobaleducationsystemwillreplaceuniversityinthefuture.B、Universitywillcontinuetoplayakeyroleinthefu
Cliniciansatarecentpsychoanalyticconferencebroughtforthinterestingevidencethatguilt,farfrombeingthepsychicimped
AftersomanyyearsofstudyingEnglish,youmaystillgetconfusedlikeyoufirstcomeherejustbecauseoftheslangthestude
Countriesatalllevelsofeconomicdevelopmentfaceasimilarchallenge:tomaketheirindustriescompetitiveinanincreasingl
Foradmissionsofficers,reviewingapplicationsislikefinal-examweekforstudentsexceptitlastsformonths.Greatapplicati
_______authoredTheWrathofGrapes.
随机试题
严重吸气性呼吸困难最主要的特点是
苯并(a)芘属于
27岁初孕妇,现妊娠39周,妊娠中期产前检查未见异常,以下哪种情况不是正常妊娠时的表现
A.间歇脉B.缓脉C.三联律D.绌脉E.速脉洋地黄中毒者的脉搏可出现()。
在诉讼中,甲认为其享有对乙公司的代理权,其以乙公司名义与丙公司签订的合同应有效。而乙公司则认为只授权给了丁,甲并没有得到其授权。根据民事诉讼的举证原则,本案中关于代理权的举证责任应当由()承担。
一般来说,资产负债率越高,对债权人就越有利。()
关于基金宣传推介材料的下列表述不正确的是()。
党的十八届五中全会认为,全面建成小康社会最艰巨的任务是()。
我国民族自治地方的自治机关是()。
WhichofthefollowingisNOTapartofCanadianconstitution?
最新回复
(
0
)